For example, the story of the prodigal son reads: "A manne had twei sones and the yonger of hem seide to the fadir, Fadir gyve me the porciound of cattle, that fallith to me.
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His translation is rather poor, and today's reader would find it very difficult to read. The Wycliffe translation did not have much influence on later translations because of its Vulgate basis and Late Middle English dialect. His translation is a literal rendering of the Latin Vulgate, which is largely an Alexandrian and Western text-type (these terms will be discussed later). Since he was unable to complete the translation before his death, others completed it. John Wycliffe (1320-84), an Oxford scholar, was the first person to translate the Bible into English. The KJV is the descendant of several earlier translations. The Greek text will be discussed later in more detail. Generally the TR is easier to read than some of the older manuscripts found in Egypt, where the dry climate and non-use helped to preserve them. The TR generally has longer passages than the other text types in many places, but not always. The TR has some of the characteristics of what would be expected of New Testament writings: the text is smooth and complete, but not so smooth between the Gospels that it appears to have been harmonized.
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This does not necessarily mean the text itself is younger. TR} is younger than the other text types. The Greek manuscript basis for the Textus Receptus (i.e. "Constantine also, committed to Eusebius, since he knew him to be most skillful in Biblical knowledge, the care and superintendence of transcribing copies of the Scriptures, which he wanted for the accommodation of the churches he had built at Constantinople. Its precise origin is unknown, but perhaps its source is the fifty Bibles Emperor Constantine ordered in a.d. This text represents the majority of the existing Greek manuscripts. This text is a Byzantine type that is, it represents a family of manuscripts that are mostly associated with the Constantinople area of modern Turkey. The KJV is based on a Greek text (Robert Stephanus's third edition published in 1550) known as the Received Text (the translation of the Latin term Textus Receptus ). Some versions are mainly paraphrases (not following the original wording very closely but interpreting it), and their use should be limited.īefore giving further guidelines on translations, let us first review the history of the King James Version (KJV) and then review the Greek Bible texts. More than one version should be used, especially when studying difficult passages.Ĥ. Newer translations are based on more thoroughly researched Greek texts than the older ones, but this is no guarantee that their Greek texts are better.
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Modern English translations have value since words become obsolete, ambiguous, misleading, etc., due to language changes.Ģ. Of the many translations available, how can we know which one to use? There are some general facts to consider when choosing a version of the Bible.ġ. In summary, people must be able to understand Scripture, and to do so they must have it in their own language Translations Preaching and hearing the gospel means the Bible must be in the hearer's language there must be translations. So then faith cometh by hearing, and hearing by the word of God" (Rom. Paul said, "How then shall they call on him in whom they have not believed? and how shall they believe in him of whom they have not heard? and how shall they hear without a preacher?. The New Testament was written in the common, ordinary language of its day so people could understand the gospel and thus believe in Christ.
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Today our translations stand in a similar place as the LXX did in the first century. These Septuagint quotations were treated as Scripture and were accepted as trustworthy. Eighty percent of the Old Testament quotations found in the New Testament are from the Greek Septuagint (LXX) Old Testament translation (which is far from a word-to-word translation), not from the Hebrew text. The answer to this perplexing question can be found in Christ and the apostles' use of Scripture. Must we therefore study the Scriptures in their original languages to understand them or can translations accurately convey the meaning of the Old and New Testament Scriptures? The Old Testament was written in the Hebrew language and the New Testament in the Greek. Should Shorter and Harder Readings Be Preferred?
WESTCOTT HORT GREEK INTERLINEAR BIBLE UPDATE
The AVU, Authorized Version Update New Testament is now available at BooksĪlso see The Byzantine Texttype and Textual Criticism, by Harry Sturz at Booksīyzantine a Lucian Recension or an Original? This study is from Authority of Scripture available at Books (This is mainly a textual criticism study.)